North Africans are sometimes "white" or some other skin shade instead of "black" such as the berbers and some of the ancient Egyptians
Southern European caucasians sometimes have another skin shade instead of "white" or "black"
This makes sense because southern Europe is closer to the equator than the rest of Europe and northern Africa is farther from the equator
But paintings of native Africans in the southern regions of Africa as opposed to the descendants of European immigrants to South Africa depict some of the native Africans as a different color than "black" also
This might make sense because once you get far enough south you are also getting farther away from the equator
How I found this out
Wanted to know the location of Turkey or Anatolia relative to Africa so did a internet search looking for maps
Then wanted to know what African Free States were based on seeing "Free States" in White Color on a map image key listing different colors for different countries, nations, states or regions
Then found out a province of South Africa has a similar name to "Free States" of "Free State" and looked up wikipedia article on it. Which did not answer my question because "Free States" on the map of Africa and the Middle East clearly meant something different than that province or that province alone since some of them were located far away from South Africa
Then found articles eventually leading to a native African group of people that were not "black" looking in paintings shown on wikipedia and were in the Southern region of Africa instead of the Northern Region like the berbers
Paintings are excluded in this blog article because natives did not wear clothes in the paintings. But the paintings are found in two wikipedia articles at the date they are archived in the articles on Khoekhoe and the Hottentot in the links below
Possible explanations for mismatch between not "black" Africans in paintings of those tribes vs "black" Africans in those tribes today
Explanation 1
The people who made the paintings did not portray their color shade accurately. This explanation is problematic because they said other groups of Africans were darker in the wikipedia quotes below
Explanation 2
A higher portion of people in these groups might have originally not been "black" when the paintings were made and the percent that are not "black" may have decreased over time as "not black" African natives reproduced with "black African natives" in an increasing proportion since Europeans made those paintings.
Decreased isolation between "black" African natives and not "black" African natives might have changed the proportion at which these two groups reproduce with one another as opposed to the proportion that only reproduced with members of their own group
Decreased isolation may have occured after European arrival due to
New Technology from European visitors making travel easier for African groups such that they were near different African groups more often than before
Employment of Africans by Europeans encouraging travel such that members of different African groups were near each other more often than before
The slave trade of Africans by Europeans, Jews, Arabs and Muslims forcing members of different African groups to be near each other more often than before
Explanation 3
Sometimes not "black" native Africans today are mistaken as hybrids between "black" native Africans and Europeans. Thus it is not that not "black" Africans without Europeam ancestry are rare but that they are rarely noticed as existing because they are mistaken for hybrids.
Explanation 4
Other Europeans arrived before those Europeans and not "black" Africans were hybrids from previous Europeans and "black" Africans
Explanation 5
Other Europeans arrived before those Europeans and not "black" Africans were of not "white" European ancestry instead of being hybrids
Explanation 6
Not "white" Europeans have not "black" Africans as their ancestors
Explanation 7
People have always been a wide variety of skin shades in both Africa and Europe all along and being "black" does not mean being African and being "white" does not mean being European.
Explanation 8
There has been so much travel between Europe and Africa for most of human existence such that you can not say any single human being or racial or ethnic group of human beings can have ancestry from Europe without ancestry from Africa nor ancrestry from Africa without ancestry from Europe. At least not by the time these groups were found out about by the Europeans that painted them. And I would guess it has been that way even before Christianity on account of Buddhism already arrived in Greece from Asia before Christianity, if the same distance Europeans and Asians traveled East and West, was traveled North and South between Europeans and Africans.
Explanation 9
There maybe one or more other explanations I have not listed. And also Middle Eastern or West Asian might be substituted for European in many of the above explanations.
Copyright Carl Janssen 2022
Africa encountered by the first European explorers in the fifteenth century was already home to five human races: blacks, whites, Pygmies, Khoisan, and Asians. The only race not found in Africa is the aboriginal Australians and their relatives.
http://web.archive.org/web/20200701211946/https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/how-africa-became-black
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=were+the+first+africans+white&ia=about
Usage as an ethnic term
some speakers were careful to use the term Hottentot to denote what they thought of as a race distinct from the supposedly darker-skinned people referred to as Kaffirs
http://web.archive.org/web/20220427033411/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hottentot_(racial_term)
http://web.archive.org/web/20210510232855/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hottentot
Early European theories about Khoekhoe origins
European theories about the origins of the Khoekhoe are historically interesting in their own right. Of the European theories proposed, notable is that summarised in the commissioned Grammar and Dictionary of the Zulu Language.[29] Published in 1859, this put forward the idea of an origin from Egypt that appears to have been popular amongst men of learning in the region.[30] The reasoning for this included the (supposed) distinctive Caucasian elements of the Khoekhoe's appearance, a "wont to worship the moon'", an apparent similarity to the antiquities of Old Egypt, and a "very different language" to their neighbours. The Grammar says that "the best philologists of the present day ... find marked resemblances between the two". This conviction is echoed in an introduction to the Zulu language, which avidly often comments upon the language's various resemblances to Hebrew.[citation needed]
http://web.archive.org/web/20220607000406/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoekhoe#Early_European_theories_about_Khoekhoe_origins
They are often grouped with the hunter-gatherer San (literally "Foragers") peoples
http://web.archive.org/web/20220607000406/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoekhoe
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_people
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Africa
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indigenous_peoples#Africa
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_of_Africa
The Trekboer included mixed-race families of partial Khoikoi descent that had also become established within the economic class of burghers.
http://web.archive.org/web/20220728223737/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trekboers
The Orange Free State (Dutch: Oranje Vrijstaat;[a] Afrikaans: Oranje-Vrystaat;[b]) was an independent Boer sovereign republic under British suzerainty in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeated and surrendered to the British Empire at the end of the Second Boer War in 1902. It is one of the three historical precursors to the present-day Free State province.
http://web.archive.org/web/20220711215416/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Free_State
The Free State (Afrikaans: Vrystaat; Sotho: Freistata; Xhosa: iFreyistata; Tswana: Foreistata; Zulu: iFuleyisitata; before 1995, the Orange Free State) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later Orange Free State Province.
http://web.archive.org/web/20220928145734/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_State_(province)
Trekboers
http://web.archive.org/web/20220723213702/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boers
Suzerainty (/ˈsuːzərənti, -rɛnti/) is a relationship in which one state or other polity controls the foreign policy and relations of a tributary state, while allowing the tributary state to have internal autonomy.[1] The dominant state is called the "suzerain".
Suzerainty differs from sovereignty in that the tributary state is technically independent, but enjoys only limited self-rule.
http://web.archive.org/web/20220510223840/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzerainty
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=what+were+african+free+states&ia=about
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=what+were+free+states+in+africa&ia=web
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=free+states+africa+1914&ia=web
http://web.archive.org/web/20221004045915im_/https://images-wixmp-ed30a86b8c4ca887773594c2.wixmp.com/f/976bd34f-11c1-467d-90f3-ff39b76e3653/dbwvnlu-5989044a-4e88-487a-9bfe-a6dda43d1b93.png?token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ1cm46YXBwOjdlMGQxODg5ODIyNjQzNzNhNWYwZDQxNWVhMGQyNmUwIiwiaXNzIjoidXJuOmFwcDo3ZTBkMTg4OTgyMjY0MzczYTVmMGQ0MTVlYTBkMjZlMCIsIm9iaiI6W1t7InBhdGgiOiJcL2ZcLzk3NmJkMzRmLTExYzEtNDY3ZC05MGYzLWZmMzliNzZlMzY1M1wvZGJ3dm5sdS01OTg5MDQ0YS00ZTg4LTQ4N2EtOWJmZS1hNmRkYTQzZDFiOTMucG5nIn1dXSwiYXVkIjpbInVybjpzZXJ2aWNlOmZpbGUuZG93bmxvYWQiXX0.uzFAdCFrbrDOmkCbVPlg_SopfEN562UiAmiVqEWWhEE
http://web.archive.org/web/20221004045915/https://www.deviantart.com/n1belung/art/Africa-Arabia-and-Anatolia-Der-Stamm-project-720352578
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=anatolia+africa&pn=1&ia=images&iax=images
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=anatolia+africa&pn=1&ia=about
